We aimed to report a case of presumed sympathetic ophthalmia in a young female patient following scleral buckling (SB).

A nineteen year old female patient was referred for visual loss in her left eye due to macula off inferior longstanding rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and three hours of proliferative vitreoretinopathy and lattice degeneration. Best corrected visual acuity was counting finger 2 meters. SB with 360 degrees encircling band and inferior segmental tire, with one spot cryoretinopexy at the break site and subretinal fluid drainage due to chronicity of the RRD was performed.

One week after operation, visual acuity was improved to 20/60 and retina was totally attached. Six weeks later, patient came with severe visual loss in both eyes as finger counting 0.5 meter. Bilateral multifocal serous retinal detachment and vitreous cell was found. The patient was treated with systemic corticosteroid and Mycophenolate Mofetil. The inflammation was controlled and serous detachment resolved after five days intravenous treatment and was not relapsed after six months. BCVA was 20/20 in right eye and 20/50 in the left eye. Systemic workup was negative for any extraocular disease or systemic involvement.

SO may occur after successful SB. Inciting the choroid and retinal pigment epithelium with cryoretinopexy or perforating for drainage may induce SO.